Statistics
Browse articles by category and topic.
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Non-Parametric Tests Explained 2026: Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis
When to use non-parametric tests, how Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman and Spearman map onto their parametric equivalents, what they actually…
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Best Statistical Power and Sample Size Tools Compared 2026
G*Power, R, Stata, PASS, jamovi and online calculators compared for dissertation power analysis — which handles which designs, what each…
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How to Run a Chi-Square Test in SPSS and Report It in APA Format Step by Step (2026)
A step-by-step guide to running a chi-square test of independence and goodness-of-fit in SPSS, checking the expected-count assumption, and reporting…
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PhD Viva Outcome Statistics 2026: Pass, Minor Corrections, Major Corrections & Fail Rates
Real UK data on PhD viva outcomes: 96% pass, only 5% with no corrections, 4% fail outright. See the full…
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PhD Attrition by Year of Study Statistics 2026: When Do Doctoral Students Actually Leave?
Doctoral attrition is not evenly spread across a PhD. Sourced 2026 data shows when students actually leave, why the first…
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Nursing Dissertation Statistics 2026: Completion Rates, Length & Timelines
Real 2026 data on nursing PhD/DNP completion rates, attrition and dissertation length — sourced from CGS and peer-reviewed cohort studies.
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Engineering PhD Statistics 2026: Completion Time, Funding & Attrition
Engineering PhD completion, funding and attrition data for 2026 — sourced from NSF, NCSES, and the Council of Graduate Schools.
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Free Statistical Software for Students in 2026: 15 Tools for Thesis Data Analysis (Ranked List)
Ranked list of 15 genuinely free statistical software tools for students in 2026 — JASP, R, jamovi, Python, G*Power and…
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How to Run an ANOVA in SPSS and Report It in APA (Step by Step)
A step-by-step guide to running a one-way ANOVA in SPSS: checking assumptions, running the test, interpreting Tukey post-hoc comparisons and…
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Mediation and Moderation Analysis Explained in 2026: PROCESS, Baron & Kenny, and How to Tell Them Apart
A comprehensive 2026 guide to mediation and moderation analysis — covering the conceptual difference, Baron & Kenny steps, bootstrapping, Hayes…